Hepatology促胰液素和胆汁淤
2016-12-29 来源:本站原创 浏览次数:次本文导读
促胰液素:由英国两位生理学家贝利斯和斯塔林于年发现,是第一种被发现的动物激素。由27个氨基酸残基组成的一种碱性多肽,含11种不同氨基酸。产生促胰液素的细胞为“S”细胞,该细胞主要在十二指肠粘膜,少量分布在空肠、回肠和胃窦。
本文简介胆汁不光能够排出内源性和外源性脂溶性有毒物质,还能起到乳化的作用,有利于小肠脂肪的吸收。因此,胆管细胞的正常功能及胆道的完整,对肝功能影响巨大。肝脏发生病变后,可能会破坏胆管细胞,进而损伤胆道,导致纤维化、硬化,最后导致器官失功。在胆汁淤积时,胆管细胞会大量增殖,而促胰液素/促胰液素受体通路上调。但是该通路的上调是否与纤维化有关,目前尚无报道。
近日,国际著名肝脏病学杂志《Hepatology》刊登了一篇来自美国德州AM大学GianfrancoAlpini教授团队的文章。该研究通过在野生型和促胰液素受体敲除的小鼠上建立胆管结扎致胆汁淤积模型,考察促胰液素/促胰液素受体通路在小鼠肝纤维化及人原发性硬化性胆管炎中的作用。
研究发现,促胰液素受体阻断剂能够抑制胆管细胞的增殖,减轻肝纤维化。而let-7a表达减少,神经生长因子表达增加,能够显著促进胆汁淤积诱导的肝纤维化。
Thesecretin/secretinreceptor(SR)axisisup-regulatedbyproliferatingcholangiocytesduringcholestasis.Secretinstimulatesbiliaryproliferationbydown-regulationoflet-7aandsubsequentup-regulationofthegrowth-promotingfactor,nervegrowthfactor(NGF).Itisnotknownwhetherthesecretin/SRaxisplaysaroleinsubepithelial?brosisobservedduringcholestasis.Ouraimwastodeterminetheroleofthesecretin/SRaxisinactivationofbiliary?brosisinanimalmodelsandhumanprimarysclerosingcholangitis(PSC).Studieswereperformedinwild-type(WT)micewithbileductligation(BDL),BDLSR-/-mice,orMdr2-/-mousemodelsofcholestaticliverinjury.Inselectedstudies,theSRantagonist(Sec5-27)wasusedtoblockthesecretin/SRaxis.Biliaryproliferationand?brosiswereevaluatedaswellassecretionofsecretin(bycholangiocytesandScells),expressionofmarkersof?brosis,transforminggrowthfactor-b1(TGF-b1),transforminggrowthfactor-b1receptor(TGF-b1R),let-7a,anddownstreamexpressionofNGF.CorrelativestudieswereperformedinhumancontrolandPSClivertissuebiopsies,serum,andbile.SRantagonistreducedbiliaryproliferationandhepatic?brosisinBDLWTandMdr2-/-mice.Therewasdecreasedexpressionoflet-7ainBDLandMdr2-/-cholangiocytesthatwasassociatedwithincreasedNGFexpression.Inhibitionoflet-7aacceleratedliver?brosiswasattributedtocholestasis.TherewasincreasedexpressionofTGF-b1andTGF-b1R.Signi?cantlyhigherexpressionofsecretin,SR,andTGF-b1wasobservedinPSCpatientliversamples北京白癜风怎么办白癜风怎么能好